Iris Publishers Agriculture Soil Science

Mechanical Behavior of an Ultisol Under Different Sugarcane Management Systems in Brazil Authored by José Ramon Barros Cantalice Compressibility and shear strength in agricultural soils are associated with pressures exerted on the soil surface by the intensive use of machines. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of an Ultisol cultivated with sugarcane under the application of sugarcane residues (vinasse and filter cake) and compare it with an Atlantic Forest soil. Uniaxial compression tests were performed through the application of increasing with pressures from 12.50 to 1,600 kPa, at three water contents in undisturbed samples from the layers of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, and for shear direct test were collected in the layers of 0-0.20 m and, subjected to three water content levels and four levels of normal tensions of direct shear. The higher content of total organic carbon in the soil under native forest (2.42 g kg-1) allowed higher pre-compression stresses (101.21-14...

Aquifer Vulnerability Using Geophysical and Physiochemical Methods in Parts Of Ethiope West Local Government Area Delta State, Nigeria Authored by Julius Otutu Oseji This study was carried out to determine the aquifer vulnerability and groundwater quality using geophysical and physiochemical methods in parts of Ethiope West Local Government Area of Delta State. Thirty vertical electrical soundings and four dipole-dipole profiling were administered using Abeam Terameter SAS 1000 AB. The field data were curve matched and Iterated using Win resist and Dipro software. The auriferous zone was found in the fourth layer with resistivity ranging from 159 Ωm – 100234 Ωm, thickness ranging from 12m – 156 m and depth of 32m – 162m except VES 25 whose aquifer is in third layer. The dipole – dipole resistivity structure shows low resistivity values along areas where waste dump was sited with resistivity ranging from 300 Ωm to 630 Ωm. This finding suggests that the leachate from the dumpsite is aff...

  The Growing Up Use of Pesticides in Brazil Compared with the World Authored by Eduardo José Azevedo Corrêa It is not a surprise that a number of world citizens are growing faster and faster, at 2010 we are at near of the 7 billion of human being and this year we have almost one billion more people following the Malthus’ curve [1]. With higher the population more food is necessary. It is known that the food requirement by a person change with age and some other individual parameters, it is estimated that a minimum energy requirement is about 1690 - 1650 kcals/person/day [2]. Considering this numbers, we need and amount of food to provide 11.830.000.000.000 kcals every day in food to feed all person around the world. It is a big amount of food and energy. With this great challenge, all the nations around the world and your government have been faced by big problem. How to produce food in quantity and quality without degrade the ecosystems and extinct the species and your habit...

Nutrient Intake, Fermentation, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Barbarin Lamb Supplemented with Sweet Lupin Authored by S Abidi In Tunisia, particularly in the arid and semi-arid zones, climatic conditions have caused the degradation of rangelands leading to a chronic forage deficit and a nutritional imbalance in animals, particularly in sheep and goats. Thus, energy and / or nitrogen supplementation has become essential to maintain these animals and ensure the expected performance. For this reason, Tunisia has resorted to the import of raw materials including soybean meal, barley and corn [1]. However, fluctuations in their prices on the world market are negatively affecting animal nutrition industry. Our country imports annually, over 300,000 tons of soybean meal at a price of 1.2dt / kg [2]. Similarly, these imported raw materials are unstably available on the Tunisian market which can affect the profitability of farms and alter the sustainability of animal production sector...

  Tapping Soil Microbiota: Overlooked Underground Players in Agricultural Production Authored by Yuan Wang Soil, the base for agricultural production, is constantly influenced by a variety of physical, chemical, and biological factors. Despite the abundance and diversity, soil microorganisms have been largely overlooked until recent a few years, due to the untapped functions caused by the difficulties in microbe isolation and culture. Soil microbiota, by definition, is the microbial communities that reside in specific soil niches. With the advances of next-generation sequencing technologies, more and more soil microbiomes from different soil environments were dissected genetically and functionally. These studies suggest that manipulation of soil microbiota may be one of the potential solutions for next-generation agriculture.   To read more about this article:  https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/tapping-soil-microbiota-overlooked-underground-players-in-agricult...

On Accounting for Evaporation or Infiltration Free Surface in Some Problems of Filtration Theory Authorized by Bereslavskii Eduard Naumovich The following filtration flows with unknown free boundaries are investigated: • in case of a flow past the Zhukovsky groove in the case when the soil layer is underlain along its entire length with an impermeable base and evaporation from the free surface occurs; • in case of a flow past the Zhukovsky groove in the case when the underlying layer is a completely well-permeable aquifer and infiltration occurs on the free surface; To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/on-accounting-for-evaporation-or-infiltration-free-surface-in-some-problems-of-filtration-theory.ID.000544.php

The Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation as Climate Smart Agricultural Practice and Its Contribution to Smallholder Farmers’ Livelihoods. The Case of Bambasi District Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Northwest of Ethiopia Authorized by Dereje Mosissa This study is an investigation of effectiveness of soil and water conservation practices as climate smart agriculture and its’ contribution to the livelihoods of smallholder’s farmers in Bambasi District of Northwestern Ethiopia. It was hypothesized that there is no relationship between factors contributing to the adoption of SWC technologies and a number of SWC technologies adopted, as well as there is no relationship between the number of SWC technologies used by farmers and access to the livelihood assets. In order to address the objectives, both primary and secondary data were used for the study. The study applied a non-experimental design (explanatory) to collect primary data from a sample of 270 households drawn...

Analysis of Growth Performance Data in Sheep using Linear Mixed Model Authorized by Mekonnen Tilahun The annual Ethiopian goat meat and mutton production is very low. Major causes contributing to such low meat production include slaughtering animals at immature bodyweights, poor genetic potential of the local breeds, poor feeding conditions and policy issues. Increasing the current level of productivity is essential to provide meat to the ever-increasing human population and to satisfy the huge demand of live-animal export to neighboring countries. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/analysis-of-growth-performance-data-in-sheep-using-linear-mixed-model.ID.000541.php

Experience from Traditional Irrigation Management in Ethiopia. Case Study of Holetta River Authorized by Getamesay Shiwenzu The main objective of the study was to assess experience of Holetta River to traditional irrigation users. In the study both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. By Purposive and convenient sampling methods open ended questionnaire and unstructured interview were employed along with direct observation. The management of the river very challengeable. Access to water doesn’t account for the type of crop and its stage, land hold and distant from the primary channel. Also, farmers make unlawful acts coupled with inefficient application of community the correct the problems. On the other hand, the participation of the community on the efficient management of the river is not effective. Therefore, improving the management of the irrigation is important by involving all concerning bodies. In the future it is imperative to made capaci...

Arbuscular Micorrizal Fungi and Farm Management Practices Authorized by Eduardo Jose Azevedo Correa Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are commonly present in most tropical land ecosystems; however, high rates of fertilization can disrupt their life cycle. The AMF occurrence in different crop systems compared to native vegetation in tropical conditions is not well understood. With the aim to analyze potentially benefic symbionts for crop production in an experimental farm, the AMF community structure along different crop cultivation was investigated. Soil subsamples were used to inoculate trap cultures using Sorghum sp. as host. The preserved unfertilized area showed a greater diversity of AMF, followed by the grassland and sugarcane. Number of AMF spores was also greater in the preserved area (47 spores per 100g soil) than the numbers estimated for other sites. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :...

A Review on Production and Marketing of Mango Fruit Authorized by Kayier Guien Chay This review paper focuses on production and marketing of edible fruit like mango. Fruit crops play an important role in the national food security of people around the world. They are generally delicious and highly nutritious, mainly of vitamins and minerals that can balance cereal-based diets. Fruits supply raw materials for local industries and could be sources of foreign currency. Moreover, the development of fruit industry will create employment opportunities, particularly for farming communities. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/a-review-on-production-and-marketing-of-mango-fruit.ID.000533.php