Iris Publishers Agriculture Soil Science

Mechanical Behavior of an Ultisol Under Different Sugarcane Management Systems in Brazil Authored by José Ramon Barros Cantalice Compressibility and shear strength in agricultural soils are associated with pressures exerted on the soil surface by the intensive use of machines. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of an Ultisol cultivated with sugarcane under the application of sugarcane residues (vinasse and filter cake) and compare it with an Atlantic Forest soil. Uniaxial compression tests were performed through the application of increasing with pressures from 12.50 to 1,600 kPa, at three water contents in undisturbed samples from the layers of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, and for shear direct test were collected in the layers of 0-0.20 m and, subjected to three water content levels and four levels of normal tensions of direct shear. The higher content of total organic carbon in the soil under native forest (2.42 g kg-1) allowed higher pre-compression stresses (101.21-14...

Sustainable Food System and GM Foods in Era of Climate Change and Variability: Indian Perspective Authored by RK Gupta Agriculture and allied sectors are backbone of Indian economy. They are source of living for over 70 per cent of the population and provide around 50 per cent of employment in country. India has witnessed appreciable agriculture growth through crop improvement efforts, technological interventions and policy support. The food grain production has increased from 51MT (1950- 51) to 285 MT (2018-19). Rice, wheat, pulses, oilseeds, sorghum, and maize are important field crops. The cotton and sugarcane are the principal commercial crops. Livestock and horticulture sectors have also contributed significantly in Agriculture GDP. India has one-half of the buffalo and one-sixth of the cattle population of the world. It ranks first in goat and sixth in sheep population besides vast potential of fishing resources. India has huge challenges in terms of population growth that is li...

Target and Non-Target Lepidopteran Pest IPM in Brazil Bt Crop Refuge Areas Authorized by Lucas S Barrosa Among the largest fibers and grains cash crop, Brazil is one of the largest commodity agricultural producer in the world. However, the insect’s pest intense attack has limited the Brazilian agricultural crops productivity and sustainability of the main as soybean, corn and cotton [1]. After genetically modified crops expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium (Bt) market released as Integrated Pest Management (IPM) tool, especially for Lepidoptera order pest control, most of growers believed that losses by insect pests damage would be minimized. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/target-and-non-target-lepidopteran-pest-ipm-in-brazil-bt-crop-refuge-areas.ID.000530.php

Sewage Water Effects on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) Growth Affected by Organic Matter, and Avm of Pseudomonas fluorescens Authorized by Abdul Khalil Gardezi Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a tropical crop, member of the Malvaceae family. Its fruits are grown and widely used in many countries of Asia and Africa. India is the main producer. It is cultivated in Mexico in small plots with scarce know-how. A sustainable and low-cost technology is needed to increase the profits of the farmers. Pseudomonas fluorescens have been used to increase germination and for biological control of pathogenic fungus. The study was done under greenhouse conditions. Two soils were used. One came from a parcel irrigated with sewage water and the other one was irrigated with clean water from a well. Half of the treatments were inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Four doses of vermicompost were applied as a source of organic matter. There were significant differences (p≤0.05) in mos...

Trends in Soil Measurement Performance of Australasian Laboratories by Methods and Time This paper describes Australasian soil-measurement performance using data from inter-laboratory soil proficiency programs of the Australasian Soil and Plant Analysis Council Inc. Rapid assessments focused only on grand median percent robust coefficients of variation (%CVs) from 2004-05 through to 2014-15 inclusive, where grand medians by method were calculated across 12 soil samples annually. The %CV data were subdivided into three groupings (2005-2008, 2009-2012, 2013-2015). For 19 soil tests, CVs declined from 12.8% to 10.6% to 8.8%, suggestive of small improvements in measurement quality with time. Detailed assessments used data from 2009-10 to 2014-15 and included tests regulated for use in “reef catchments” of North-east Australia. Relationships between median-concentrations and associated robust %CVs were initially assessed with power-functions, with each subsequently solved for r...

On the meadow-chestnut soil of heavy mechanical composition we studied the productivity of promising varieties of winter durum wheat Grain, de-pending on the doses and timing of mineral fertilizers on the background of irrigation and semi-steam systems of soil treatment in irrigation of the flat zone of Dagestan. The purpose of the research was to obtain experimental data for the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly resource-saving technology of cultivation of promising varieties of winter durum wheat Grain in the flat zone of Dagestan. The novelty of the research is that for the first time in the conditions of irrigation of the flat zone of Dagestan, the optimal doses of mineral fertilizers and the terms of their application for winter durum wheat, providing a significant in-crease in yield and grain quality were studied and established. On average, for 2014-2018 the maximum yield of the promising Grain variety-5.45 t/ha, on aver-age for 2014-2018, wa...

World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science Crop performance is the results of genotypic expression modified by interaction with the environment. One of the environmental factors, that most widely limiting for the crop production is water. The deficit of water significantly limits the growth, development and yielding of crops. The paper presents a mini review of the own research results and the literature on the effect of water shortage on the rate of photosynthesis of forage grasses. A better understanding the physiological reactions of plants to water stress should improving irrigation efficiency, modifying plants for more efficient water use, and developing effective agriculture on dry area. For More Open Access Journals in Iris Publishers Please Click on: https://irispublishers.com/ https://irispublishers.com/ For More Articles in World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science : https://irispublishers.com/wjass/

World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science Improving food security in Woliso woreda closely related with the elimination and reduction of poverty at woreda and individual level. Some of the rural household in Woliso woreda is suffer by food insecurity. Therefore, this study was investigated the determinants of food insecurity in the study area through using extended primary data. For More Open Access Journals in Iris Publishers Please Click on: https://irispublishers.com/ For More Articles in World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science : https://irispublishers.com/wjass/

World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient for plant health and play critical roles in controlling protein metabolism, enzyme activity and various metabolic processes. In order to investigate the effect of different potassium rates and hybrid maize varieties on the yield and yield components of maize, an experiment was carried out at the Bajeng Experimental Station, Indonesian Cereals Research Institute, Gowa, South Sulawesi, from May to September 2017. The level of K on site of the experiment is 0.26 mg kg -1 . The potential grain yield of three hybrid maize varieties has different. Nasa-29 has potential grain yield (13.5 t ha -1 ), Bima-20 (12.8 t ha -1 ) and Bima-4 (11.7 t ha -1 ). The experiment was laid out in randomized split plot design with three replications having a plot size of 9 m x 6 m with planting density 75 x 25 cm. The main plot was provided with six different levels of potassium i.e. 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg...