Iris Publishers Agriculture Soil Science

  Raising Calves in the Dairy Period Without Antibiotics Authored by Yu Fomichev The raising of healthy calves, both for the reproduction of the dairy herd and for the production of meat, is a fundamental link in realizing the genetically determined potential of animal productivity and has a significant impact on the economy of the dairy cattle breeding industry. The most common diseases of young animals are gastrointestinal and pulmonary infections, which are closely related to the physiological status of the neonatal period, characterized by functional instability in the work of many systems and increased vulnerability of the body, inadequate rhythms of blood circulation and respiration, digestion functions and body protection. The triggering principle of the disease can be stressful factors - improper and untimely feeding of newborns, poor-quality colostrum and giving it in a chilled state. As a result, withdrawal of calves, for example, due to diarrhea, can reach 30-50% or mor...

Variability of Crude Palm Oil Acidity Among Individual Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Progenies of La Dibamba Germplasm Authored by Likeng Li Ngue Benoit Constant Crude palm oil (CPO) from the mesocarp of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fruit is the most produced vegetable oil in the world. In 2015, CPO consumption was estimated at 35% [1]. In Cameroon, 70% of CPO is produced by agro-industries while 30% is produced by the informal sector (smallholders). Oil from informal sector represents almost 90% of the locally consumed vegetable oil in Cameroon [2]. CPO is mainly composed of triglycerides or triacylglycerols which represent 95% of all constituents and minor compounds such as diacylglycerol, mono glycerol and free fatty acids (about 5% FFA) issued from the biosynthesis and / or hydrolysis of triacylglycerols. Sterol, tocopherol, pigments and metal ions are also present in CPO [3,4]. The fatty acids present in CPO vary with number of carbon atoms ranging from 14 to 20. T...

Adaptability and Performance Evaluation of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) varieties under irrigation for Tuber Yield Authored by Abebe Chindi In Ethiopia, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has promising prospect in improving the quality of the basic diet in both rural and urban areas [1]. Potato is an important crop for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia, serving both as a cash crop and food security crop. It is one of the root crops widely grown in the country because of increasing demand and emerging markets that have provided a great opportunity for resource-poor farmers to generate additional income (Bekele et al., 2011) It is a short duration crop that can mature within short period of time. It contains practically all essential dietary constituents like carbohydrates, essential nutrients, protein, vitamins, and minerals [2]. Potato production has been considered as the first priority compared to other food crops because of its contribution to food security, income generation and double ...

  Coenzyme Q10 Concentrations in Perennial Rye Grass and White Clover Authored by Desmond P Leadon Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential, naturally occurring fat soluble vitamin-like lipid that is found in virtually all tissues of the body as either ubiquinol-10 which is the reduced, bioactive form (~95% of plasma CoQ10), or ubiquinone-10 (oxidized CoQ10) [1- 3]. Coenzyme Q10 is the predominant coenzyme Q homologue in livestock, while CoQ9 is the predominant form of coenzyme Q in mice and rats [4]. Tissue concentrations of CoQ10 are a function of its endogenous synthesis and the gastrointestinal absorption of ubiquinol from dietary sources of CoQ10. Coenzyme Q10 is essential for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and, thus, aerobic production of adenosine triphosphate. Consequently, CoQ10 is found in highest concentrations in tissues with high metabolic rates, such as myocardium, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle [1]. Adenosine triphosphate synthesis also is associated with t...

Effects of Seed Rate and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate on Growth and Biomass Yield of Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Authored by Yidersal Erega The present study was conducted to assess seed rate (SR) and nitrogen rate (NR) effects on biomass yield and nutritional quality of oat (Avena sativa L.) at Sirinka, North Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia on July 2018. Levels of SR were 60, 80 and 100 kg/h and that of NL were 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha in the form of Urea (46% N). The experiment was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications giving a total of 27 plots, each measuring 2×1.4 m2. Growth and yield parameters were analyzed. Results showed that the interaction between seed rate and nitrogen rate had a significant (p<0.05) effect on almost all parameters measured except tiller number per plant (TNP). Green forage yield and dry matter yield increased with increasing level of seed rate and level of nitrogen. Generally, combination of...

Non-Conventional Methods as a New Alternative for the Estimation of Terrestrial Biomass and Carbon Sequestered Authored by Salem Issa Introduction Carbon sequestration is becoming an essential component in the fight against global warming. Forests act as large carbon pools where CO2 in the atmosphere is converted massively to biomass in the plant by photosynthesis process. Afforestation projects and land use conversion to forest (reforestation) can be used to earn carbon credits and reduce the carbon footprint, hence providing a longterm reduction in greenhouse gases (GHGs) levels through carbon sequestration [1]. This attitude has a growing interest among policymakers and governments [2]. Plantation cropping as a land use system has the potential to contribute to carbon stocks, maintain soil biodiversity and improve soil fertility [3]. Precise carbon stock estimation is a necessary step to define carbon emission mitigation strategies and programs at the local and regional level [4]...