Iris Publishers Agriculture Soil Science

Survey and Seasonal Distribution of the Rodents in El- Kawther City, Sohag Governorate, Egypt Authorized by Abd El-Aleem SS Desoky The present work was aimed to identify of rodent species at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University in El-Kawther city, Sohag Governorate, Egypt for 2014-2016 years. The results were revealed the presence of three species of rats included the white bellied rat, Rattus rattus frugivorous the dominant species from, Rattus rattus alexandrines, the Nile grass rat, Arvicanthis Nilotic us. These results can be used to develop a future plan to develop an integrated rodent control program based on rodent species present. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/survey-and-seasonal-distribution-of-the-rodents-in-el-kawther-city-sohag-governorate-egypt.ID.00...

Dealing with the Sins of the Past and Work towards a Nature-Based Future: New Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture Authorized by Leonard Sonnenschein Many third world developing countries agricultural systems are on the verge of a collapse due to a number of failed schemes. The residues of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and over-use of soil have led to an inability for production to reach optimized levels. The structures for financing and subsidizing the farmers are broken and have proved to be less effective and unsustainable. The effects of climate change have further marginalized productivity due to change in soil conditions and relative cropping equations. The effluents from the farm fields are toxifying streams and residues are being built up into oceanic areas in the form of new eutrophic zones. Further to these factors are the insufficiencies of education, marketing, transportation and the growing lack of nutritional value of the crops raised. ...

Development of a Dynamic Model for Predicting Humic and Fulvic Acids Production in a Composting Process Using Olive Mill Wastes Authorized by Apostolos Vlyssides In this work, a dynamic mathematical model for the prediction of fulvic (FA, g/kg) and humic acids (HA, g/kg) production during the humification stage of an olive mill waste residues (OMWR) composting process was developed. The dynamic modeling technique was applied successfully to the data record from an industrial composting process using OMWR as organic substrate collected from different III-phase olive mills. The applied prediction technique was based on time series theory and on regression analysis by residuals. The effect of pH, of Water Holding Capacity (WHC, %), of Electrical Conductivity (EC, mS/cm) and of ammonium nitrogen concertation (N-NH4, g/kg of TS) on FA and HA production was examined using daily measurements of all the above parameters for the last sixty days of the composting period. The experiment...

Sewage Water Effects on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) Growth Affected by Organic Matter, and Avm of Pseudomonas fluorescens Authorized by Abdul Khalil Gardezi Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a tropical crop, member of the Malvaceae family. Its fruits are grown and widely used in many countries of Asia and Africa. India is the main producer. It is cultivated in Mexico in small plots with scarce know-how. A sustainable and low-cost technology is needed to increase the profits of the farmers. Pseudomonas fluorescens have been used to increase germination and for biological control of pathogenic fungus. The study was done under greenhouse conditions. Two soils were used. One came from a parcel irrigated with sewage water and the other one was irrigated with clean water from a well. Half of the treatments were inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Four doses of vermicompost were applied as a source of organic matter. There were significant differences (p≤0.05) in mos...

Forest Fires the Disaster in California and Spain Authorized by Manuel Mateos de Vicente Before dealing with such a problem the background of the author will be mentioned. My preparation includes a variety of subjects related to forest in subjects as follow: • Soil Physics and Soil Chemistry • Biophysical Chemistry • Soil and Water Conservation • Molecular structure of the different clays To develop a land taking into account the different soil horizons, plantations and fertilizes. Visiting forests in Spain and other countries, even Tasmania where I saw the best trees integration with as great variety. What happens when a land is planted with pine trees? There are families whose way of living is destroyed. They cannot have beehives and have to sell the goats herd. Solution: To burn the pine forest. To read more about this article:  Agriculture and Soil Science To know more about  Journals :  Iris Publishers For more Information: https://...

Foragers and Food Production in Africa:A Cross- Cultural and Analytical Perspective Virtually all hunters and gatherers in Africa today not only depend on foraging for their livelihoods but they also engage in food production and trade of domestic crops, livestock, and other resources. Many of them also take part in various kinds of work for other people in exchange for cash, food, and other goods. Drawing on case studies from western, central, eastern, and southern Africa, this paper assesses the causes and consequences of the shifts from hunting and gathering to agriculture, pastoralism, and small-scale business activities. Today, there are few ‘isolated hunter-gatherers’ who depend completely on foraging and are not enmeshed in the global, national, and local socioeconomic systems. Climate change, globalization, and the expansion of markets are leading to significant changes in local subsistence and livelihood strategies. These and other factors are also contributing to a...

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Chronic Exposure and the Risk of Building Antibiotic Resistance in Rural Communities of the Developing World Antibiotic resistance is a global issue, not least the question if resistance is intrinsic, acquired, or adaptive. The current scenario demands investigations to detect resistance in environments from the urban/rural nexus. The complexity of antibiotic resistance in the environment is linked with the characteristics of recipient compartments in various environmental systems. Much research focuses on resistance in point sources (hotspots) of exposure, but after release the risk of antibiotics affecting humans is quite complex. Dispersion, dilution, and concentration reduction are part of the natural cycle required to examine the fate of antibiotics in the environment. Antibiotic residues at any stage threaten public health no matter if they cause acute exposure or because of much lower concentrations persisting in sediments, soils, irrigation waters, groundwater, aerosols, ...

Utilization of Raw, Dehullled, Autoclaved and Soaked Pea Pisum Sativum Seed Meals as Replacement for Fishmeal in Practical Diet Formulation for Juvenile Sea Bass in a Recirculating System A 60-day feeding experiment on sea bass, Lates calcariform was conducted at the UPV Multi- Species Hatchery from September 23 - November 21, 2017. Healthy juveniles with an average initial weight of 0.09g were randomly stocked at twenty-five fish per tank at three replicates per treatment in fifteen 100-l conical tanks connected to a recirculating system under a photoperiod of 12h light and 12h dark. Five experimental diets were formulated to be isocaloric (40%) and isolipidic (10%) consisting of a Control Diet (without green pea); raw green pea, RGP (Diet 1); dehulled green pea, DGP (Diet 2); autoclaved green pea, AGP (Diet 3 ) and soaked green peas, SGP (Diet 4) to replace about 10-11% of the total protein in the diets. The percent weight gain (% WG) of sea bass fed control diet (1544±2.60%) ...

Trends in Soil Measurement Performance of Australasian Laboratories by Methods and Time This paper describes Australasian soil-measurement performance using data from inter-laboratory soil proficiency programs of the Australasian Soil and Plant Analysis Council Inc. Rapid assessments focused only on grand median percent robust coefficients of variation (%CVs) from 2004-05 through to 2014-15 inclusive, where grand medians by method were calculated across 12 soil samples annually. The %CV data were subdivided into three groupings (2005-2008, 2009-2012, 2013-2015). For 19 soil tests, CVs declined from 12.8% to 10.6% to 8.8%, suggestive of small improvements in measurement quality with time. Detailed assessments used data from 2009-10 to 2014-15 and included tests regulated for use in “reef catchments” of North-east Australia. Relationships between median-concentrations and associated robust %CVs were initially assessed with power-functions, with each subsequently solved for r...

Microbiota of the Gut: Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis and the Adverse Effects on Human Health Iris Publishers  LLC , 2018 A healthy gut microbial community is essential for homeostasis in mammals. A symbiotic relationship between host and microbe s essential in developing the immune system, providing biomolecules and generating energy through utilisation of indigestible compounds. The diversity of the gut microbiota is altered following antibiotic treatments, the effect this has on the health and wellbeing of the host has long been underestimated and is now the subject of intense debate. Antibiotics facilitate the selection of energy harvesting microbes within the gut and hence heavily influence the gaining of weight and may be contributing more than we anticipated to the modern obesity epidemic. These changes to the bacterial composition of the gut, dysbiosis are caused by elevated oxygen levels within the gut that promotes the propagation of facultative anaerobic Proteobacter...

Analysis of Growth Performance Data in Sidama Goats using Fixed and Random Regression Models Most statistical approaches in experiments of feeding trial are based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least square regressions. However, most of the time, the assumption that data are independent is violated since several measurements are taken on the same subject (repeated measures). In addition, the presence of intra- and interobservers variability can potentially obscure significant differences. In this study, repeated records of body weight gains on goats were analyzed fitting fixed and random regression models. Up to eight ‘repeated records’ per goat, measured between 10th and 80th day of age post the time of initial body weight recording, were available for analysis. https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/analysis-of-growth-performance-data-in-sidama-goats-using-fixed-and-random-regression-models.ID.000518.php For More Open Access Journals in Iris Publishe...

Role of Stratospheric Temperature and Humidity in Occurrence of 2011 Spring Ozone Anomaly in the Arctic and on the Northern Territory of Russia Using Aura OMI/ MLS Observations In March-April 2011, the М-124 ozonometer observations recorded an anomalous decrease in the level of the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk. The decrease reached 30% as compared to multiyear average. The paper studies the temperature, humidity, and ozone anomalies, recorded in March 2011 by the Aura OMI/MLS instrumentation in the stratosphere of Arctic latitudes and on the northern territory of Russia. Their relation to the decrease in the ozone concentration over Tomsk in April 2011 is analyzed. It is hypothesized that the Arctic phenomena are the result of ozone loss due to heterogeneous reactions on the surfaces of particles in polar stratospheric clouds after a return of sunlight during spring. Supposedly, irreversible growth of water vapor content at heights of ozone maximum in the second half...