Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)
Chronic
Exposure and the Risk of Building Antibiotic Resistance in Rural Communities of
the Developing World
Antibiotic resistance
is a global issue, not least the question if resistance is intrinsic, acquired,
or adaptive. The current scenario demands investigations to detect resistance
in environments from the urban/rural nexus. The complexity of antibiotic
resistance in the environment is linked with the characteristics of recipient
compartments in various environmental systems. Much research focuses on
resistance in point sources (hotspots) of exposure, but after release the risk
of antibiotics affecting humans is quite complex. Dispersion, dilution, and
concentration reduction are part of the natural cycle required to examine the
fate of antibiotics in the environment. Antibiotic residues at any stage
threaten public health no matter if they cause acute exposure or because of
much lower concentrations persisting in sediments, soils, irrigation waters,
groundwater, aerosols, and produce where they may reflect chronic exposure. In
either case, human exposure is undeniable with differential impact. In view of
local constraints and unintended feedback we propose a research agenda to
enhance understanding the future of exposure intensity and the fate and
synergistic effect of antibiotics released into the environment in developing
resistance.
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