Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)

Yam-Based Cropping Systems Performances with Chemical Fertilizers

Authored by Raphiou Maliki

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tuber crop widely cultivated in the humid and sub-humid lowland regions of West Africa and the Caribbean. More than 90% of the worldwide production (40 million metric tons of fresh tubers year-1) is produced in West Africa [1].

 

Yam cultivation in West Africa is now confronted with the scarcity of fertile soil available for clearing [2]. In Benin nowadays, farmers hardly have the possibility to rely on long duration fallow and yam is being cultivated in 1 or 2-year herbaceous fallow–yam or maize-yam rotation systems with manual incorporation of residue into the soil.

 

The decline in yam yields under continuous cultivation has led to the largely accepted conclusion that yam requires a high level of natural soil fertility (organic matter and nutrient) (O’Sulllivan and Ernest, 2008). Since the demand for yam keeps increasing due to the continued population growth, reserves of arable land are diminishing, and fallow duration is decreasing. It is becoming necessary to sustainably increase yam productivity in sedentary cropping systems (O’Sullivan and Ernest, 2008). There is a dire need therefore to assess in farmers’ conditions the economic performance of sustainable cultivation techniques. Ongoing soil degradation could be reduced by the adoption of new farming techniques such as improved fallows of herbaceous legumes [3,4].

 

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