Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)

Infiltration and Swelling Under Capillary Flow

Authored by Robert R Wells

Most experimentation into the physical responses of swelling systems, under the influence of an increase or decrease in moisture content, has been confined to saturated clays and/or infiltration vertically downward under ponded conditions. The flux of water, vertically downward or upward, has similar mathematical formulations. The direction of flow primarily affects the boundary and initial conditions statement and the consideration of gravity components on the system.

The experiments performed by Smiles [1-3] were for infiltration into a saturated swelling system (1973, 1974) or drainage of a saturated swelling system (1968). Smiles chose, as an initial condition, a saturated initial condition because the use of a saturated condition results in a simplification of the mathematics without affecting the physical phenomenon. Smiles’ experiments began by permitting air-dry clay to saturate with distilled water by capillary rise. The clay was laterally restrained and supported a 10 kg/m2 load. Here, it is intended to explore the initial wetting and swelling associated with the capillary rise in a swelling clay system with no load imposed on the surface

The governing equation for one-dimensional capillary rise into a layer of uniform soil is a combination of Darcy’s Law and the continuity requirement which yield.

 

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